Florida Real Estate & Estate Planning Guide

What Is a Lady Bird Deed in Florida?

A Lady Bird deed lets you pass your Florida home to your heirs at death without probate — while keeping full control during your lifetime, including the right to sell or mortgage without anyone else's permission.

By Arthur Simpson, Esq. Florida Real Estate & Estate Planning Attorney Last Updated: May 2025

Florida homeowners have a powerful tool that most other states do not: the Lady Bird deed, also known as an enhanced life estate deed. It solves one of the most common estate planning problems — how to pass your home to your children without probate — while preserving all your rights during your lifetime and remaining Medicaid compliant.

Unlike a standard life estate deed, a Lady Bird deed gives you something extraordinary: you can sell, mortgage, lease, or change your mind about the property at any time, without needing your beneficiaries' consent. That is the "enhanced" feature that sets it apart.

How a Lady Bird Deed Works

When you sign a Lady Bird deed, you reserve a life estate with retained powers — meaning you keep full ownership and control during your lifetime. You name one or more remaindermen (typically your children or other heirs) who automatically receive the property at your death.

At your death, title transfers to the remaindermen by operation of law — without going through probate, without court involvement, and without delay. The property simply becomes theirs upon presentation of a death certificate to the county property appraiser.

✓ What a Florida Lady Bird Deed Does Transfers your property at death without probate · Preserves your homestead exemption · Does not require remainderman consent to sell or mortgage · Is Medicaid compliant (does not trigger lookback) · Protects against Medicaid estate recovery · Receives a stepped-up basis at death for capital gains purposes

Lady Bird Deed vs. Other Probate Avoidance Options

FeatureLady Bird DeedStandard Life EstateRevocable TrustJoint Tenancy
Avoids probateYesYesYesYes
Can sell without beneficiary consentYesNoYesNo
Medicaid compliantYesNoYesOften No
Protects homestead exemptionYesYesYesYes
Step-up in basis at deathYesYesYesPartial
Protects from estate recoveryGenerally yesGenerally yesGenerally yesNo
Covers incapacityNoNoYesNo
Covers all assetsReal property onlyReal property onlyAll assetsTitled assets only
CostLowLowModerateLow

Why Lady Bird Deeds Are Medicaid Compliant

One of the most valuable features of a Lady Bird deed is its Medicaid compliance. Because you retain the right to revoke the deed and sell the property during your lifetime, Florida Medicaid does not treat the deed as a completed gift. As a result, the deed does not trigger the 60-month Medicaid lookback period under 42 U.S.C. § 1396p(c).

Furthermore, property transferred via Lady Bird deed passes outside of your probate estate. Florida's Medicaid estate recovery program (F.S. § 409.9101) can only recover from the probate estate. Assets passing via Lady Bird deed are generally protected from Medicaid estate recovery claims.

Step-Up in Tax Basis When property transfers via a Lady Bird deed at death, the beneficiaries receive a stepped-up basis equal to the fair market value at the date of death (IRC § 1014). If your children later sell a home they received via Lady Bird deed, they pay capital gains only on appreciation after your death — not on decades of appreciation during your ownership. This is a significant tax benefit.

Florida Does Not Have a Transfer-on-Death Deed

Many people ask about Transfer-on-Death (TOD) deeds for real property — a simple mechanism available in about 30 states that lets you name a beneficiary for real property like a bank account beneficiary designation. Florida has not adopted TOD deeds for real property. Florida has not enacted the Uniform Real Property Transfer on Death Act (URPTODA).

The Lady Bird deed is Florida's functional equivalent. It achieves the same result — property transfers at death without probate — with the added advantage of retained control during lifetime.

When a Lady Bird Deed Is the Right Choice

A Lady Bird deed is an excellent choice when:

When a Trust May Be Better

A Lady Bird deed is property-specific — it only covers real estate. If you have significant financial assets, multiple properties, or need to plan for incapacity, a revocable living trust provides more comprehensive coverage. Many Florida residents use a Lady Bird deed in combination with — or as an alternative to — a full trust, depending on their specific circumstances.

⚠ Important Limitation: Homestead Restrictions Florida's homestead law (F.S. § 732.4015) restricts who you can leave your homestead to if you have a surviving spouse or minor children. A Lady Bird deed must comply with these restrictions or it may be invalid as to homestead property. Always have a Lady Bird deed for homestead property prepared by a Florida attorney who understands homestead law.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Lady Bird deed in Florida?
A Lady Bird deed (enhanced life estate deed) is a Florida real property deed that transfers your property to named beneficiaries at your death without probate, while reserving your full rights during your lifetime — including the right to sell, mortgage, lease, or revoke the deed without the beneficiary's consent. Florida recognizes Lady Bird deeds and they are a widely used tool for probate avoidance and Medicaid planning.
Is a Lady Bird deed Medicaid compliant in Florida?
Yes. Because you retain the right to sell or revoke the property during your lifetime, a Lady Bird deed does not constitute a completed gift and generally does not trigger the 60-month Medicaid lookback period. Additionally, since property transfers via Lady Bird deed outside of your probate estate, it is generally protected from Florida Medicaid estate recovery under F.S. § 409.9101.
Does a Lady Bird deed affect the Florida homestead exemption?
No. A properly drafted Lady Bird deed preserves the homestead ad valorem tax exemption. The grantor retains a life estate with full ownership rights and the property continues to qualify for homestead exemption as long as the grantor occupies it as a primary residence (F.S. § 196.031). The Save Our Homes cap is also unaffected.
Can I sell my home if I have a Lady Bird deed?
Yes. Unlike a standard life estate deed, a Lady Bird deed allows you to sell, mortgage, or otherwise deal with the property at any time during your lifetime without your beneficiaries' consent. The remaindermen named in the deed have no present ownership interest and cannot block a sale. If you sell, the Lady Bird deed is extinguished by the sale.
Does Florida have a Transfer-on-Death deed?
No. Florida has not adopted TOD deeds for real property. The Lady Bird deed is Florida's functional equivalent — it transfers real property at death without probate while the grantor retains full control during their lifetime. It achieves the same result as a TOD deed with additional flexibility and Medicaid planning benefits.
How much does a Lady Bird deed cost in Florida?
A Lady Bird deed prepared by a Florida attorney typically costs $300–$750, plus recording fees of approximately $10–$25 depending on the county. The deed must be recorded in the county where the property is located. Cornerstone prepares Lady Bird deeds as a standalone service or as part of a comprehensive estate plan.

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This article is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Florida real estate and estate planning law is complex and fact-specific. Contact Cornerstone Wealth & Legacy Law for advice regarding your specific property and situation. Arthur Simpson, Esq. is licensed to practice law in the State of Florida.